Scientific Publications Database

Article Title: Correlates of Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infections in People with HIV: Results from the CIHR CTN 328 Study
Authors: Costiniuk, Cecilia T.; Lee, Terry; Singer, Joel; Galipeau, Yannick; Arnold, Corey; Langlois, Marc-Andre; Needham, Judy; Jenabian, Mohammad-Ali; Burchell, Ann N.; Samji, Hasina; Chambers, Catharine; Walmsley, Sharon; Ostrowski, Mario; Kovacs, Colin; Tan, Darrell H. S.; Harris, Marianne; Hull, Mark; Brumme, Zabrina L.; Lapointe, Hope R.; Brockman, Mark A.; Margolese, Shari; Mandarino, Enrico; Samarani, Suzanne; Lebouche, Bertrand; Angel, Jonathan B.; Routy, Jean-Pierre; Cooper, Curtis L.; Anis, Aslam H.
Journal: VACCINES Volume 12 Issue 5
Date of Publication:2024
Abstract:
COVID-19 breakthrough infection (BTI) can occur despite vaccination. Using a multi-centre, prospective, observational Canadian cohort of people with HIV (PWH) receiving >= 2 COVID-19 vaccines, we compared the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG levels 3 and 6 months post second dose, as well as 1 month post third dose, in PWH with and without BTI. BTI was defined as positivity based on self-report measures (data up to last study visit) or IgG data (up to 1 month post dose 3). The self-report measures were based on their symptoms and either a positive PCR or rapid antigen test. The analysis was restricted to persons without previous COVID-19 infection. Persons without BTI remained COVID-19-na & iuml;ve until >= 3 months following the third dose. Of 289 participants, 92 developed BTI (31.5 infections per 100 person-years). The median days between last vaccination and BTI was 128 (IQR 67, 176), with the most cases occurring between the third and fourth dose (n = 59), corresponding to the Omicron wave. In analyses adjusted for age, sex, race, multimorbidity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes and obesity, a lower IgG S/RBD (log10 BAU/mL) at 1 month post dose 3 was significantly associated with BTI, suggesting that a lower IgG level at this time point may predict BTI in this cohort of PWH.